Dual-Use Research (Biotechnology and Society 2016)

[[Media:Dual-Use_Pre-Discussion_Questions_2016F.pdf| Download Pre-Discussion Questions (PDF)]]
Watch video (~7 min) Dual Use Research: A Dialogue (NIH Office of Science Policy)

Choose ONE from among these four sets of dual-use case study readings. The first three are from the (Federation of American Scientists) website (Federation of American Scientists).


 * 1) Module 2.0 Synthesizing Poliovirus
 * 2) Module 4.0 Unexpected Results in Virus Research (Mousepox)
 * 3) Module 7.0 Reconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Virus
 * 4) Airborne H5N1 flu study
 * 5) * Enserink M (2012) Avian influenza. Public at last, H5N1 study offers insight into virus’s possible path to pandemic. Science 336:1494–1497. PMID: 22723387 Read at Science
 * 6) * Maher B (2012) Bird-flu research: The biosecurity oversight. Nature 485:431-434. PMID: 22622550 Read at Nature

[[Media:Policy_Czar_Template.docx | Download Policy Czar Template (MS Word)]]

 * 1) Polio Czar
 * 2) Smallpox Czar
 * 3) Flu Czar I (Historical)
 * 4) Flu Czar II (Contemporary)


 * Read the primary scientific paper describing your assigned study from this list.
 * 1) Wimmer E (2006) The test-tube synthesis of a chemical called poliovirus. The simple synthesis of a virus has far-reaching societal implications. EMBO Rep 7 Spec No:S3–9. PMID: 16819446
 * 2) Moran TM, Isobe H, Fernandez-Sesma A, Schulman JL (1996) Interleukin-4 causes delayed virus clearance in influenza virus-infected mice. J Virol 70:5230–5. PMID: 8764032
 * 3) Tumpey TM et al. (2005) Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus. Science 310:77–80. PMID: 16210530
 * 4) Herfst S et al. (2012) Airborne transmission of influenza A/H5N1 virus between ferrets. Science 336:1534–41. PMID: 22723413
 * Research the main human virus relevant for your study: Polio, Smallpox, 1918 Spanish flu, or H5N1 avian flu
 * When was the disease prevalent? What danger does it pose in today's world?
 * Find a popular science article or news story on the public response to the research that was published at the time when it occurred.